see/watch/look
see常用作看电影、 看戏, 可能聚精会神地看, 也可能没特别注意地看。watch也可用作看电影、 看戏、 看电视比赛,是很注意地观看, 还有在旁观看之意。如:Are you going to play or only watch? look是注视,也就是盯着看的意思。
I saw her chatting with her colleagues. (我看到她正在和同事聊天。)
I watched them eating.(我看着他们吃。)
What are you looking at?(你在看什么?)
sit/seat
sit是坐下,指坐下这个动作。seat当及物动词时,是作容纳讲。seat如果表示就座时,要用be seated。
They were seated at their desks.(他们已经就座。)
They sat in a ring.(他们围成一圈坐。)
borrow/lend/keep
借入用borrow,借出用lend,但这两个词都是瞬间动词,不能用于长时间的动作,所以我能借多久应用keep。
How long can I keep this book?(我能借多久?)
fit/suit
fit与suit均可作合适讲,但在英文中却用于不同的地方。fit用于尺寸大小的合适,而suit则多用于颜色式样的合适。
That shirt didn fit Mary.(那件衬衫尺寸不适合玛丽。)
Blue color suits John.(蓝色蛮适合约翰。)
take/bring/fetch
英文中“拿”有三种含意:拿来,拿去,去取然后回来(即来回程)。所以拿来、带来是bring,拿去、带走是take,而去取回来是fetch。
Don forget to bring your notes next time.(下次别忘了带笔记。)
Il take you to the hospital.(我带你去医院。)
David, fetch your drink yourself.(大卫,自己去拿饮料吧。)
shut/close
shut与close有时是可以互换的,有时不可。在正式场合多用close,而在命令,态度粗暴的场合则用shut。如:Shut your mouth!(闭嘴)又如:Shut up!在指铁路、公路交通关闭或停止使用的场合,则要用close。
Business is not good. Hel have to shut the shop.(生意不好,他打算结束营业。)→可用close代替。
I have to close my account at the bank.(我必须关掉我的银行账户。)→不能用shut代替。
answer/reply
answer作为回答是及物动词,如当不及物动词,则意义不同。如answer for,意为向某人或向某事负责。而reply当“回答”讲是不及物动词,后跟宾语时,要加上to。
Who answered the telephone?(谁接的电话?)
She did not reply to our proposal.(她没有响应我们的建议。)
lay(放)/lie(躺)/lie(说谎)
如果你已经被这三个词纠缠很久,这次一定要搞定它。
人把东西放在某处,用lay,变化型为:laid, laid, laying。
Please lay the package on the table.(请将包裹放在桌上。)
东西自己躺在那里用lie,变化型为:lay, lain, lying。
His hat and gloves were lying on the table.(他的帽子和手套放在桌上。)
说谎则是lie,变化型为lied, lied, lying。
He lied about his age.(他谎报年龄。)
rise/raise
rise的意思是上升,是东西自己往上升,像太阳升起,大楼高耸等升起。是不及物动词,其过去式是rose,过去分词是risen。
The stock market rose by 5% last week.(股市上周涨了5%。)
raise的意思是提升,是某人将某物往上提,像加薪、筹资等。是及物动词,是规则动词。
The landlord raised my rent.(房东涨我的房租。)
hear/listen to
hear用于无意中的听见,而listen to却用于集中注意力听。
I heard him say so.(我听到他这么说。)
She is listening to the radio.(她正在听广播。)
2 最常错的4个动词
你说对了吗?
For more information, pleaseyour local agent.
1. contact with 2. contact
discuss
She discussed about the balance sheet with her boss.(×)
She discussed the balance sheet with her boss.(○)
(她和老板讨论她的资产负债表。)
contact
For more information, please contact with your local agent.(×)
For more information, please contact your local agent.(○)
(索取更多信息,请联系当地代理商。)
approach
He approaching to 50.(×)
He approaching 50.(○)
(他快50岁了。)
lack
He good at his job but he seems to lack of confidence.(×)
He good at his job but he seems to lack confidence.(○)
(他工作能力不错,但似乎缺乏信心。)
有没有注意到,这4个都是及物动词,当动词时不必再接介词。但我们为什么会搞错呢?因为它们以名词形式出现时,discussion、contact、approach和lack都必须先接介词再接宾语。例如:
We had a discussion about our future plans last night.
(我们昨晚讨论了我们未来的计划。)
He tried in vain to get into contact with the local branch.
(他试着与当地分部联系,但一直未成功。)
All approaches to the city were blocked.
(所有到城里的路都被封锁了。)
Her decision seems to show a lack of political judgment.
(从她做的决定就看出她似乎缺乏政治判断力。)
pay attention to the steps
公共场合的用语,“小心台阶”不要说pay attention to the steps,要用mind the steps。
I am painful
“我觉得很痛”不是I am painful,而应该是I feel pain。painful表示“使人痛苦的,让人疼痛或讨厌的”,它的主语往往不是人,而是事物,如The lessons are painful.(教训是惨痛的。)等。I am painful会让人误以为你全身带电或浑身长刺,别人碰了你就会疼。
hi
在飞机上打招呼一般使用hello,而不是hi,如果对方名字刚好是Jack的话,就成劫机分子了:Hi, Jack!听起来就是hijack。