PAGE丨III
ECONOMY
Part One
第一部分
经济风云
Can a Second Bailout Save Greece?
内忧外患，希腊纾困任重道远
Body of Evidence
铁证如山：谁是经济危机的真凶？
Keynes VS Hayek in China
中国的选择：凯恩斯VS 哈耶克
UK’s Poorest Families Face Tightest
Squeeze on Income
穷人更穷：谁偷吃了蛋糕？
All Eyes on London
伦敦2012：举世瞩目 ／027
Big Maconomics: How McDonald’s Explains the World
巨无霸经济——麦当劳诠释世界 ／033
Europe Needs More Than Another Bailout
欧洲援助：杯水车薪 ／040
India and China:Friend, Enemy, Rival, Investor?
印度和中国：朋友、敌人、对手、投资者？ ／046
London Olympics 2012 All Quiet in The Western End
伦敦奥运：西区静悄悄 ／054
Blackout Nation
暗夜：停电之国 ／059
The Not-so-mighty Mississippi: How the River’s
Low Water Levels Are Impacting the Economy
密西西比河：何时再奔腾？ ／065
Weather Versus Business
天气与商业 ／072
Germany Debates Plan to Pay Stay-at-home Moms
德国：全职妈妈享福利 ／077
A Fall to Cheer
全球贫困首次下滑值得庆贺 ／083
CONTENTS 目录
IV 丨PAGE
DIGITAL LIFE
Part Three
第三部分
数字生活
The Lessons the Rest of the
World Should—and Should Not—Take from Germany
德国模式：学与不学 ／089
MARKETING
Part Two
第二部分
市场竞争
How to Save U.S. Manufacturing Jobs
如何拯救你，美国制造业 ／096
Latest Gas Price Spike Spawns Bad Ideas
油价飙升，纷争再起 ／101
Canada’s Pension Funds : Maple Revolutionaries
加拿大养老基金：枫叶革命者 ／107
6 Horrifying Historical Origins of Famous Corporate Logos Ⅰ
邪恶的诱惑：六大世界知名品牌的商标Ⅰ ／114
6 Horrifying Historical Origins of Famous Corporate Logos Ⅱ
邪恶的诱惑：六大世界知名品牌的商标Ⅱ ／120
Pretty Profitable Parrots
经商新论：创新可贵，模仿无罪 ／126
A Tale of Two Cities: Too Many Jobs, or Not Enough
双城记：就业机会太多还是太少 ／134
Why Not Make Olympic Uniforms in China?
伦敦奥运，中国制造——有何不可？ ／140
Zen and the Art of Carmaking
禅宗与汽车制造的艺术 ／146
Slaves to the Smartphone
沦为智能手机的奴隶 ／154
Deathless Data:What Happens to
Our Digital Property After We Die?
斯人已逝，数据永存 ／160
PAGE丨V
DISCOVERY
Part Four
第四部分
探索发现
Whales Are People Too, a Declaration
of the Rights of Cetaceans
鲸，亦为人——“鲸权宣言” ／182
Scientists Use Stem Cells to Generate Human Eggs
女性福音——卵子可望再生 ／188
China’s Shenzhou-9 Successfully Docks with Tiangong-1
中国神舟九号与天宫一号成功对接 ／193
Why the Technology Industry’s
Greatest Years Are Still Ahead
期待科技的美好时代 ／201
Morals and the Machine:
Teaching Robots Right form Wrong
道德与机器：教会机器人明辨是非 ／207
Curiosity Rover: Why Nasa
Isn’t Looking for Life on Mars
“好奇”号：缘何不为寻找生命 ／214
Shark-Tooth Weapons Reveal Lost Biodiversity
鲨鱼牙齿：那些消逝的生命 ／220
Non-news Is Good News
没消息就是好消息 ／164
Apple TV Will Change the Way People Consume TV
Wow，iTV 来了！ ／171
Big Data Knows What You’re Doing Right Now
警惕！说者无心，听者有意 ／176
EDUCATION
Part Five
第五部分
教育新闻
Private Schools for the Poor-rich Pickings
贫富同校，谁人渔利？ ／226
VI 丨PAGE
ENERGY ENVIRONMENT
Part Six
第六部分
能源环境
The 30-Year Itch: America’s Nuclear
Industry Struggles to Get Off the Floor
30年之痒：美国核能蓄势腾飞 ／262
“One Disaster After Another”: Most
Tie Extreme Weather to Global Warming
全球变暖 祸不单行 ／269
Leave Well Alone
核废料：好好储藏起来 ／275
Three Ways Africans Are Making
Cheap Do-It-Yourself Electricity
非洲光明之路：创意、节省、环保 ／281
An Earth Summit Draws on Oil,
Mining and Utility Largess
地球峰会：经济发展与环境保护的博弈 ／288
Cutting the Price of Offshore Wind
英国风能：降低成本，惠利于民 ／294
London 2012 Olympics: How Green Are
the“Most Sustainable Olympics Ever?”
伦敦奥运：够绿色吗？ ／299
Door-to-door for the Summer
上门推销，你准备好了吗？ ／232
Follow 3 Simple Steps to Finish Graduate School
加油，向前冲！ ／237
10 Lessons of an MIT Education Ⅰ
MIT 的十堂教育课 Ⅰ ／241
10 Lessons of an MIT Education Ⅱ
MIT的十堂教育课 Ⅱ ／248
125 Harvard Students Suspected
of Cheating on Take-home Exam
哈佛：125名学生涉嫌作弊 ／254
內容試閱：
Slaves to the Smartphone
沦为智能手机的奴隶
卢梭有言曰：人是生而自由的，但却无往不在枷锁之中。自以为是其他一切主人的人，反而比其他一切更是奴隶。功能强大的信息通信设备让人们轻松步入数字时代，弹指间便可掌握海量信息，与朋友也不再远隔千山。可是也正因如此，人们也日益依赖这些工具，常常因此而焦虑不安。本文作者虽然开出“数字节食”这一剂良药，但要真免于成为奴隶，还需要全体社会的努力。
“The Servant” 11963 is one of those films
that it is impossible to forget—a merciless dissection of the
relationship between a scheming valet played by Dirk Bogarde and
his dissolute master James Fox. The valet exploits his master’s
weaknesses until he turns the tables: the story ends with a
cringing Fox ministering to a lordly Bogarde. The film was an
indictment of the class structure of Harold Macmillan’s Britain2.
But it is hard to watch it today without thinking of another
fraught relationship— the one between businessfolk and their
smartphones.
Smart devices are sometimes empowering.They put
a world of information at our fingertips. They free people to work
from home instead of squeezing onto a train with malodorous
strangers. That is a huge boon for parents seeking flexible work
hours. Smartphones and tablets can also promote efficiency by
allowing people to get things done in spare moments that would
otherwise be wasted3 , such as while queuing for coffee. They can
even help slackers create the illusion that they are working around
the clock, by programming their e-mail to be sent at
1am.
智能设备的功能有时候真的很强大，它们让浩瀚的信息触手可及。它们让人们可以在家工作，而不必和有汗臭味儿的陌生人挤在狭小的火车车厢里去上班。这对那些需要灵活工作时间的家长们来说真是福音。智能手机和平板电脑还能提高效率，人们可以在空余时间完成工作，这些时间很可能会被白白浪费，比如排队买咖啡的时间。它们还可以设定程序，在凌晨一点钟发送邮件，这样还会给偷懒的人营造出一种勤奋工作，废寝忘食的错觉。
But for most people the servant has become
the master. Not long ago only doctors were on call all the time.
Now everybody is. Bosses think nothing of invading their employees’
free time. Work invades the home far more than domestic chores
invade the office. Otherwise-sane people check their smartphones
obsessively, even during pre-dinner drinks, and send e-mails first
thing in the morning and last thing at night.
但是对于大多数人来说，这个仆人早已成为他们的主人。不久前，还只有医生是随叫随到。而现在，每个人都已如此。老板视侵占员工的空余时间为理所当然。工作占用家庭生活的时间要远远多于家庭琐事影响工作的时间。就连心智健全的人都着魔一样地查看自己的智能手机，就连饭前喝口水的功夫都不放过，早上起床的第一件事和晚上睡觉前的最后一件事就是发送电子邮件。
This is partly because smartphones are
addictive: when Martin Lindstrom, a branding guru, tried to
identify the ten sounds that affect people most powerfully, he
found that a vibrating phone came third, after the Intel chime and
a giggling baby. BlackBerrys and iPhones provide relentless
stimuli, stimulus interspersed with rewards. Whenever you check the
glowing rectangle4, there is a fair chance you will see a message
from a client, a herogram from your boss or at least an e-mail from
a Nigerian gentleman offering you $1m if you share your bank
details with him. Smartphones are the best excuse yet devised for
procrastination. How many people can honestly say that they have
never pruned their e-mails to put off tackling more demanding
tasks?
原因之一就是智能手机让人上瘾：品牌营销专家马丁·林德斯特伦试图寻找对人最能产生影响的十种声音，他发现手机的震动排名第三，仅次于英特尔钟和婴儿的咯咯笑声。黑莓和苹果手机不断地向用户提供刺激，时不时还有奖励。你无论何时查看亮着的屏幕，都很有可能看到客户发来的信息或老板发来的邮件，或者至少有一封来自一位尼日利亚的绅士：如果能提供银行信息，你将得到100
万美元的报酬。智能手机是你借机拖延的最佳发明。有多少人能大胆坦言他们从来没有为了拖延那些要求苛刻的任务而删除邮件？
Hyperconnectivity exaggerates some of the
most destabilising trends in the modern workplace: the decline of
certainty as organisations abandon bureaucracy in favour of
adhocracy, the rise of global supply chains and the general cult
of flexibility. Smartphones make it easier for managers to change
their minds at the last moment: for example, to e-mail a minion at
11pm to tell him he must fly to Pittsburgh tomorrow. The dratted
devices also make it easier for managers in one time zone to spoil
the evenings of managers in another.
这种过度连接使得最能破坏现代办公场所稳定性的趋势进一步恶化：确定性的减弱（企业废除了官僚组织机构，转向灵活的特别委员会制度）、全球供给链的出现以及对弹性工作制度的普遍推崇。智能手机使得经理更容易在最后时刻改变心意：比如，晚上11
点钟才发邮件告诉他的下属第二天必须飞往匹兹堡。这讨厌的智能设备也使得处于这个时区的经理非常轻易地破坏另一个时区经理的美好夜晚。
Employees find it ever harder to distinguish
between “on-time” and “off-time”—and indeed between real work and
make-work. Executives are lumbered with two overlapping workdays: a
formal one full of meetings and an informal one spent trying to
keep up with the torrent of e-mails and messages.
员工也很难区分“上班时间” 和“下班时间” 了——
事实上，应该是真正的工作和可做可不做的工作，它们之间也难以区别了。管理人员在这两个相互重叠的工作日里疲惫不堪：一天是一直开会的正式工作日，另一天是不得不处理大量邮件信息的非正式工作日。
None of this is good for businesspeople’s
marriages or mental health. It may be bad for business, too. When
bosses change their minds at the last minute, it is hard to plan
for the future. And several studies have shown what ought to be
common sense: that people think more deeply if they are not
constantly distracted.
这一切对从业人员的婚姻和心理健康都十分有害。这些也许对生意也有损害。老板们在最后时刻改变主意，就很难对未来做出计划。已有好几项研究得出一个应该是常识的结论：如果不被频繁打扰，人们的考虑就会更加缜密。
What can be done to keep smartphones in their
place? How can we reap the benefits of connectivity without
becoming its slaves? One solution is digital dieting. Just as the
abundance of junk food means that people have to be more
disciplined about their eating habits, so the abundance of junk
information means they have to be more disciplined about their
browsing habits. Banning browsing before breakfast can reintroduce
a modicum of civilisation. Banning texting at weekends or, say, on
Thursdays, can really show the iPhone who is boss.
那怎样才能让智能手机安守本分，使人免于困扰呢？我们如何才能既受益于智能手机又不会沦为它们的奴隶呢？其中一个办法就是数字节食。正如面对大量的垃圾食品人们不得不克制自己，坚持良好的饮食习惯一样，大量的垃圾信息同样也意味着人们要严格要求自己的浏览习惯。早餐前不翻看手机信息可以使人们重新享受一点点文明。每个周末或者周四不发手机短信，可以向苹果手机表明谁才是真正的主人。
Together we can outsmart our
phones
The problem with this approach is that it works
only if you live on a desert island or at the bottom of a lake. In
“Sleeping with Your Smartphone”, a forthcoming book, Leslie Perlow
of Harvard Business School argues that for most people the only way
to break the 247 habit5 is to act collectively rather than
individually. She tells the story of how one of the world’s most
hard-working organizations, the Boston Consulting Group, learned to
manage hyperconnectivity better. The firm introduced rules about
when people were expected to be offline, and encouraged them to
work together to make this possible. Many macho consultants mocked
the exercise at first—surely only wimps switch off their
smartphones? But eventually it forced people to work more
productively while reducing burnout.
团结起来，我们可以以智取胜
但问题是除非你生活在荒岛上或者湖底世界，否则这种方法很难奏效。在一本即将出版的新书中，《与 “
机”
共眠》的作者，哈佛大学商学院的莱斯利·珀洛认为，对于大多数人而言，要打破全天候时时刻刻翻看手机的习惯，唯一的办法就是人们要采取集体行动，而不是单枪匹马作战。她讲述了世界上最勤奋敬业的组织——波士顿咨询集团——是如何很好地解决过度连接这个问题的。公司规定员工在什么时候应该关机，并鼓励他们为此共同努力。很多自大的咨询师开始还嘲笑如此做法——
当然只有懦弱之人才关掉手机？但是慢慢地，这最终促使员工提高了效率又不必工作到筋疲力尽。
Ms Perlow’s advice should be taken seriously.
The problem of hyperconnectivity will only get worse, as
smartphones become smarter and young
digital natives take over the workforce. People are handing ever
more of their lives over to their phones, just as James Fox handed
ever more of his life over to Dirk Bogarde. You can now download
personal assistants such as Apple’s Siri6 that tell you what is
on your schedule, and virtual personal trainers that urge you take
more exercise. Ofcom,
Britain’s telecommunications regulator, says that a startling 60%
of teenagers who use smartphones describe themselves as “highly
addicted” to their devices. So do 37% of adults.
珀洛女士的建议应该受到重视。由于智能手机越来越智能，数字化的年轻一代进入职场，这种过度连接只会愈演愈烈。人们会把更多的生活问题交由手机处理，正如詹姆斯·福克斯把自己的生活交给德克·博嘉德照顾一般。你可以下载提醒你日程安排的私人助手（比如苹果手机的“随意说”），还可以下载虚拟私人教练，它们督促你健身锻炼。英国信息通信管理局（OFCOM）称有60%
的青少年智能手机用户自称对他们的智能设备“着魔”，而成年人的比例为37%。
The faster smartphones become and the
more alluring the apps that are devised for them, the stronger the
addiction will grow. Spouses can help by tossing the darned devices
out of a window or into a bucket of water7. But ultimately it is up
to companies to outsmart the smartphones by insisting that everyone
turn them off from time to time.
智能手机运行越快，应用程序就越诱人，用户对此就越容易上瘾。妻子或丈夫把手机扔到窗外或者丢进水里，反而越让配偶对这可恨的玩意儿着迷。但是如果想要摆脱智能手机的奴役，最终还需要公司的努力，即坚持员工时不时关掉手机。
注释
dissection n. 剖析
scheming adj. 诡计多端的
valet n. 男仆
dissolute adj. 放荡的，放纵的
exploit vt. 利用
turn the tables 扭转形势
cringing adj. 谄媚的，奉承的
minister to 照料
lordly adj. 高傲的
indictment n. 起诉，控告
fraught adj. 焦虑的，紧张的
empower vt. 授权，使能够
malodorous adj. 有恶臭的
tablet n. 平板电脑
slacker n. 偷懒的人
illusion n. 错觉
around the clock 昼夜不停的
be on call 随叫随到
think nothing of 不把……放在心里
sane adj. 心智健全的
guru n. 专家
identify n. 鉴定，识别
chime n. 鸣，钟
relentless adj. 不间断的
stimuli n. 刺激 （stimulus的复
数形式）
intersperse vi. 撒布，点缀
glowing adj. 灼热的，强烈的
procrastination n. 拖延，耽搁
prune vt. 删除
bureaucracy n. 官僚制度
adhocracy n. 特别委员会制度
cult n. 狂热崇拜
minion n. 下属
dratted adj. 讨厌的
be lumbered with 拖累
overlapping adj. 相互重叠的
torrent n. 连续不断
modicum n. 少量
macho adj. 大男子主义的
mock vt. 嘲笑
wimp n. 懦弱的人
burnout n. 筋疲力尽
Ofcom 英国信息通信管
理局， 全称为Offi c eo f
Communications
startling adj. 惊人的
alluring adj. 诱惑的
darned adj. 可恨的
outsmart vt. 智胜
From The Economist, March 10,
2012
选自《经济学人》2012年3月10日刊
阅读难点分析
1.“The Servant”: 指电影《仆人》。这部电影通过主仆之间的角色互换，深刻探讨了英国的阶级关系。
2. Harold Macmillan’s Britain: 意为哈罗德·麦克米伦当政时期的英国。Harold Macmillan
指是英国保守党的政治家哈罗德·麦克米伦，于1957 年至1963 年期间出任英国首相。
3 …by allowing people to get things done in spare moments that
would otherwise be wasted…: 句中“otherwise”相当于“if
not”，意为“否则，要不然”。在本句中是指空余时间若不是用来处理一些简单事务，就会浪费掉。在第三段“Otherwise-sane
people check
their smartphones
obsessively...”一句中，“otherwise”意为“在其他方面”，“otherwise-sane
people”是指普通人、正常人，与本句中所表达的“着魔似的查看自己手机的人”相对，即这些普通人在其他方面都很正常，可是一旦触及智能手机，他们就不正常，对手机“着迷”。
4. the glowing rectangle: 闪光的长方形，指发亮的手机屏幕。
5. the 247 habit: “247”是“24 hours a day and 7 days a
week”的缩略形式，常见于商业和工业领域，指提供全天候的、不间断的服务，即不管任何时候，白天或黑夜，都营业。“the 247
habit”意为时时刻刻翻看手机的习惯，说明现代人对智能手机的严重依赖。
6. Apple’s Siri:
指苹果手机的“随意说”应用软件，汉语可以读为“C瑞”。“随意说”是应用于苹果手机的一项语音控制功能，该软件可以令智能手机变身为一台智能化机器人，利用Siri
用户可以通过手机读短信、介绍餐厅、询问天气、语音设置闹钟等。因此，在上文中，作者称此软件为“私人助手”。
7. Spouses can help by tossing the darned devices out of a
window or into a bucket of water: 本句中的“help”意为“help the addiction
to smartphone
grow”。上文中说用户因为有了各种应用软件，从而对智能手机更为上瘾，紧接着本句就说夫妻是如何助长这种对手机的迷恋的，即“by
tossing the darned devices out of a window or into a bucket of
water”，不但说明了人们对智能手机着迷之深，还说出了夫妻之间由此而引发的矛盾，可谓“手机迷恋症越是压制越是热烈”，真是让人哭笑不得。这句话机智而幽默，给文章增加了不少调皮活泼之蕴。
难句点拨
1. ①Smartphones and tablets can also promote efficiency ②by
allowing people to get things done in spare moments ③that would
otherwise be wasted, ④such as while queuing for coffee.
结构分析：这是一个带有定语从句的复合句。①为主句；②是①的方式状语，即通过什么样的方式来提高效率。但是在翻译时，为了避免句型过于死板，“by”可以省略不译；③为②中先行词“spare
moments”的定语从句；④是对③的举例说明。翻译按照原文①②③④的顺序不变。
参考译文：智能手机和平板电脑还能提高效率，人们可以在空余时间完成工作，这些时间很可
能会被白白浪费，比如排队买咖啡的时间。
2. ①The problem with this approach is that ②it works ③only if
you live on a desert island or at the bottom of a lake.
结构分析：这是一个带有表语从句和条件状语从句的复合句。①为主句，其表语是由②③组成的从句构成；③是②的条件状语从句，意为“只有在生活在荒岛或者湖底世界的情况下这种方法才奏效”。作者用“only”强调这种方法没有太大可行性，可以用“意译法”把本句中“只有……才……”的结构变为“除非……否则……”，既表达出了原文意思，又忠实于作者强调的语气。翻译顺序为原文顺序①②③。
参考译文：但问题是除非你生活在荒岛上或者湖底世界，否则这种方法很难奏效。
3. ①The faster smartphones become and ②the more alluring the
apps ③that are devised for them, ④the stronger the addiction will
grow.
结构分析：这是一个带有定语从句和比较结构的复合句。①②③和④构成了一个“the more... the
more...”的比较结构；这三个“the
more...”中，①②是两个并列从句，其中②带有定语从句③；④表示结果，为比较结构的主句。这个比较结构中，三个“the
more...”环环相扣，一气呵成，又与下文衔接自然，似乎让读者能一下子联系到自己对于智能手机的依赖，产生共鸣。
参考译文：智能手机运行越快，应用程序就越诱人，用户对此就越容易上瘾。
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